Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini was an Iranian religious leader and politician who played a significant role in the 20th century. Here are some key points about his life and influence:
Early Life and Education: Born on September 24, 1902, in Khomein, Iran, Khomeini was educated in Islamic law, philosophy, and mysticism. He quickly rose through the ranks of the Shia religious hierarchy.
Opposition to the Shah: Khomeini became a prominent critic of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the Shah of Iran. He opposed the Shah's secular and Westernizing policies, as well as his close ties to the United States.
Exile: Due to his outspoken opposition, Khomeini was exiled from Iran in 1964. He lived in Turkey, Iraq, and eventually France, where he continued to lead the opposition against the Shah.
Iranian Revolution: Khomeini's leadership was instrumental in the 1979 Iranian Revolution. His return to Iran on February 1, 1979, after 15 years in exile, marked a significant moment in the revolution.
Islamic Republic: After the overthrow of the Shah, Khomeini became the Supreme Leader of Iran, the highest-ranking political and religious authority in the country. He established an Islamic theocracy, with the principles of Velayat-e Faqih (Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist) at its core.
Policies and Governance: As Supreme Leader, Khomeini implemented strict Islamic laws and policies. His tenure saw significant political and social changes in Iran, including the nationalization of industries, the establishment of Islamic courts, and the suppression of political opposition.
Iran-Iraq War: Khomeini led Iran during the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988), a prolonged and devastating conflict that caused significant loss of life and economic hardship.
Death: Khomeini passed away on June 3, 1989. His death marked the end of an era in Iranian politics, but his legacy continues to influence the country.
Ayatollah Khomeini remains a highly influential and controversial figure, both revered and reviled for his role in shaping modern Iran.
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